It’s best to bring the vent hose with you so they can cut the hole to fit your hose correctly. You’ll also need a hole cut in the Plexiglas for your vent hose. Apr 1, 2015 - He stated that Crew Leaders will have Surface Pros in their City. UNIFORM EXPENSE. ABPA Conference/Certification and training books/manuals. Scratches from plants, cuts and abrasions from foreign materials in the. Host Drum: Edisto River. SECTION II THE COAST SURVEY AND ARMY OPERATIONS DURING THE CIVIL WAR The major contribution of the Coast Survey to the Union armies during the Civil War was the production of topographic maps for tactical and strategic use of campaign and theater commanders. There was great need for mapping as the war showed 'in a forcible manner how little accurate information there was with respect to the topography of the interior of many of our middle and southern States.' As many of the Army surveyors and topographers were assigned to line duties during the war [many of whom had served with the Coast Survey prior to the Civil War], 'the want of a sufficient number of topographers in the regular army was supplied, in answer to the calls of the War Department and various generals in the field, from the Coast Survey.' MAPPING METHODS The principle tools of the topographer during the Civil War were the plane-table and alidade, supplemented by compass and chain. The use of the plane-table for military mapping represented a technological advance as prior to the Civil War 'little was known, save in theory, of the value of the plane-table as a reconnoitering instrument, and it is the testimony of all officers of these parties. That for rapidity and accuracy in the execution of military reconnaissance it is more effective than any other instrument.' Most military mapping was reconnaissance mapping, as by Coast Survey definition: 'When there is any deviation from the closest attainable accuracy in a finished plane-table sheet, it becomes, strictly speaking, a reconnaissance map, and the rudest sketch of a country in which the features are delineated in rough approximation, which for certain temporary purposes is all that is needed, is likewise so called. The amount of accuracy and closeness of detail required depends solely upon the object for which the survey is undertaken and the time and expense allotted to it. It is always best, however, to strive for the greatest precision which the circumstances will allow, particularly as the sheet may at some future time become available for other objects than originally intended.' As most interior areas in which the Coast Surveyors operated had no triangulation network, the usual method adopted was to measure a base line with an ordinary chain [twenty meters in length and comprised of 20 one-meter sections] and then commence triangulating the area with a plane table. In detailed surveys for the army, a base of one-half to three quarters mile in length was sufficient for the survey of an area up to approximately twenty-five square miles. An efficient topographer 'with the usual number of hands [i.e., workers] and a good sketcher for aid, in a country of average variety of detail, in which all the houses, prominent barns and out-buildings, streams, roads, general outline of woods, and approximate curves [contours] are to be shown, on a scale of 1/10,000, an area of between two and three square miles can be filled in daily, with not only sufficient accuracy for military purposes, but so that an accustomed eye with 'the map in hand would not discover any marked discrepancy.' ' Good topographic sheets would have closure errors of approximately 10 meters in two miles which was sufficient for most military purposes. ![]() In heavily wooded areas, main roads would be run with the plane-table and filled in by compass, which was quicker but less accurate. Pinnacle studio 14 hd ultimate collection serial key. When using the compass and plane-table together and the Army was stationary or moving relatively slowly, the usual method of surveying was to run the plane-table down a main road, '.the operator being accompanied by assistants well practiced in the use of the compass. Upon arriving at any important road or water-course, an assistant was sent to the right and left, starting from a plane-table point determined by the chaining, and running as far as was requisite and then returning to the main road again to repeat the operation, the compass notes. Being kept in a book prepared for the purpose. Prominent points determined by the plane-table were used as checks in the compass work. The intervening topography, where no compass or plane-table work had been done, was sketched in by the chief of the party, in which accurate pacing became of great service.' Although photogrammetric techniques began supplanting plane-table mapping in the First World War, the venerable plane-table was used up through the First World War and even occasionally by military mappers during the Second World War. The Coast Surveyors usually held a relatively high position on the staffs to which they were attached. Oftentimes, they would be given a temporary rank of either captain or major and then revert to civilian status upon the end of a campaign.
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